Under certain circumstances the extension manager will get into an infinite loop creating an new extension process that will immediately die afterwards, since the original extension process is still running. The workaround is to enable the extension watchdog which will kill the running extension and therefore the newly created process doesn't immediately die since it's able to register. The original problem was always there but the infinite loop is caused by
https://github.com/facebook/osquery/pull/4585 which fixes a realted but different problem.